1. Define the essential properties of the following types of OS:
a. Batch

Batch opersting systemSome computer systems, especially some of the early ones, only did one thing at a time. They had a list of instructions to carry out - and these would be carried out, one after the other. This is called a serial system.Sometimes, if there was a lot of work to be done, then collections of these instructions would be given to the computer to work on overnight. Because the computer was working on batches of instructions the type of operating system was called a Batch Operating System.Batch operating systems are good at churning through large numbers of repetitive jobs on large computers. Jobs like: working out the pay of each employee in large firm; or processing all the questionnaire forms in a large survey.
b. Time sharing

TSOS stands for Time Sharing Operating System; it was an operating system for RCA (Radio Corporation of America) mainframes of the RCA Spectra 70 series.RCA was in the computer business until 1971. Then it was sold to Sperry Corporation; Sperry offered TSOS renaming it to VS/9. In the mid seventies, an enhanced version of TSOS was offered by the German company Siemens and was called BS2000 here.While Sperry (respectively Univac after the company was renamed) discontinued VS/9 in the early 80's, BS2000, now called BS2000/OSD is still offered by Fujitsu Siemens Computers and used on their mainframe customers primarily in Europe.TSOS was the first operating system that supported virtual addressing of the main storage. Beyond that it provided a unique user interface for both, time sharing and batch which was a big advantage over IBM's OS/360 or their successors MVS, OS/390 and z/OS as it simplified the operation.
c. Real time

Real-time operating systemsReal-time operating systems (RTOS) are used to control machinery, scientific instruments, and industrial systems. In general, the user does not have much control over the functions performed by the RTOS
d. Network

A network operating system (NOS) is a computer operating system that is designed for network use.
Usually a NOS is a complete operating system with file, task and job management. However, with some earlier operating systems, it was a separate component that enhanced a basic, non-networking operating system by adding networking capabilities. Examples include Novell's Netware and Artisoft's LANtastic.
A server-based network operating system provides networking support for multiple simultaneous users, each with the ability to access network resources, as well as security and other administrative functions.
Network operating systems, in the first sense, have existed for more than 35 years. In particular, UNIX was designed from the beginning to support networking, and all of its descendants (i.e., Unix-like operating systems) including Linux and Mac OSX, feature built-in networking support.
The Microsoft Windows operating systems did not initially support networking. Thus, Novell NetWare was introduced and became the first popular network operating system for personal computers. Windows 95 and Windows for Workgroups were Microsoft's first network operating system products.
Today, almost every consumer operating system qualifies as a NOS. This is in large part due to the popularity of the Internet and the consequent need to support the Internet protocol suite.
In a peer-to-peer network, such as Microsoft Windows 98 or XP, in which each host can also be a server, the operating system might still be considered a network operating system, but it is more light weight than a full-blown NOS.
e. Distributed

f. Handheld


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